Koeppen

 the empirical climate classification scheme developed by V. Koeppen.

Koeppen identified a close relationship between the distribution of vegetation and climate .

He selected certain values of temperature and precipitation and related them to thedistribution of vegetationand used these values for classifying the climates.

*.Koeppen recognized five major climatic groups, four of them are based on temperature and one on precipitation.

*.The capital letters :A, C, D and E delineate humid climates and B dry climates.

*.The climatic groups are subdivided into types, designated by small letters, based on seasonality of precipitation and temperature characteristics.

*.The seasons of dryness are indicated by the small letters : f, m, w and s, where

f corresponds to no dry season,

m – monsoon climate,

w – winter dry season and

s – summer dry season.

*.The small letters a, b, c and d refer to the degree of severity of temperature.

*.The B – Dry Climates are subdivided using the capital letters S for steppe or semi-arid and W for deserts.




Type of Climate


Monsoon with short dry season= West coast of India (south of Goa) 


Monsoon with dry summer = Coromandel Coast of Tamil Nadu


Tropical Savannah = Most of Peninsular Plateau



Semi-arid steppe climate = North-western Gujarat


Hot Desert = Extreme western Rajasthan


Cold humid winter with short summer = Arunachal Pradesh


Polar Type    = J&K, Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand